This is ICM Philly Article Bank is a curated list of important publications related to orthopaedic infections. In addition to this list also please visit the list of paper of the week articles published at ICM Philly.

Prevention

• The prevention of infection. Alamanda VK, Springer BD. Bone Joint J. 2019 Jan;101-B(1_Supple_A):3-9. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.101B1.BJJ-2018-0233.R1.
• Continuous Antibiotic Therapy Can Reduce Recurrence of Prosthetic Joint Infection in Patients Undergoing 2-Stage Exchange. Ascione T, Balato G, Mariconda M, Rotondo R, Baldini A, Pagliano P. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Dec 20. pii: S0883-5403(18)31218-X. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.12.017
• Humidity a potential risk factor for prosthetic joint infection in a tropical Australian hospital. Armit D, Vickers M, Parr A, Van Rosendal S, Trott N, Gunasena R, Parkinson B. ANZ J Surg. 2018 Dec;88(12):1298-1301. doi: 10.1111/ans.14916. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Diagnosis

• Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infection by Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Pfang BG, García-Cañete J, García-Lasheras J, Blanco A, Auñón Á, Parron-Cambero R, Macías-Valcayo A, Esteban J. J Clin Med. 2019 Feb 8;8(2). pii: E220. doi: 10.3390/jcm8020220.
• Culturing periprosthetic tissue in blood culture bottles results in isolation of additional microorganisms.  van den Bijllaardt W, van der Jagt OP, Peijs M, Janssens M, Buiting AG, Reuwer AQ. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 2018 Epub. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3420-6
• Polymerase chain reaction assay using the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in the detection of prosthetic joint infections: A Multi-Centered Study. Moshirabadi A, Razi M, Arasteh P, Sarzaeem MM, Ghaffari S, Aminiafshar S, Hosseinian Khosroshahy K, Sheikholeslami FM. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Oct 25. pii: S0883-5403(18)31057-X. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.10.017. [Epub ahead of print].
• Alpha Defensin, Leukocyte Esterase, C-reactive Protein, and Leukocyte Count in Synovial Fluid for Pre-operative Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infection. 
  Elena De Vecchi, Carlo Luca Romanò, Roberta De Grandi, Laura Cappelletti, Francesca Villa, and Lorenzo Drago. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 32 (2018): 205873841880607. doi:10.1177/2058738418806072.
• Evaluation of Lipocalin-2 as a Biomarker of Periprosthetic Joint Infection
  Andrea Vergara, Mariana J. Fernández-Pittol, Ernesto Muñoz-Mahamud, Laura Morata, Jordi Bosch, Jordi Vila, Alex Soriano, Climent Casals-Pascual
  DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2018.09.047
• What Is the Role of Repeat Aspiration in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Hip Infection? Jeffrey D. Hassebrock, MD, Michael G. Fox, MD, MBA, Mark J. Spangehl, MD, Matthew R. Neville, MS, Adam J. Schwartz, MD, MBA. The Journal of Arthroplasty DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2018.09.001
• Mortality During Total Hip Periprosthetic Joint Infection. Natsuhara KM, Shelton TJ, Meehan JP, Lum ZC. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Dec 24. pii: S0883-5403(18)31225-7. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.12.024.
• Failure after two-stage exchange arthroplasty for treatment of periprosthetic joint infection: the role of antibiotics in the cement spacer. Wouthuyzen-Bakker M, Kheir MM, Moya I, Rondon AJ, Kheir M, Lozano L, Parvizi J, Soriano A.Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Oct 3. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy851.
• Cutibacterium acnes and the shoulder microbiome. Qiu B, Al K, Pena-Diaz AM, Athwal GS, Drosdowech D, Faber KJ, Burton JP, O’Gorman DB. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2018 Oct;27(10):1734-1739. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2018.04.019.
• Disseminated Infection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Associated With Osteolysis of Hip Periprosthetic Tissue Marta Kicia Maria Wesolowska Zaneta Kopacz Martin Kváč Bohumil Sak Magdalena Sokulska Kamil Cebulski Andrzej B Hendrich Andrzej Pozowski. Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 67, Issue 8, 28 September 2018, Pages 1228–1234 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy256
• Disseminated Infection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Associated With Osteolysis of Hip Periprosthetic Tissue: Association Versus Causation Trisha Peel Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 67, Issue 8, 28 September 2018, Pages 1235–1236, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy263

Treatment

• Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection.Ho-Kwong Li, M.R.C.P., Ines Rombach, D.Phil., Rhea Zambellas, M.Sc., A. Sarah Walker, Ph.D., Martin A. McNally, F.R.C.S.(Orth.), Bridget L. Atkins, F.R.C.P., Benjamin A. Lipsky, M.D., Harriet C. Hughes, M.A.(Cantab.), Deepa Bose, F.R.C.S., Michelle Kümin, Ph.D., Claire Scarborough, M.R.C.P., Philippa C. Matthews, D.Phil., et al., for the OVIVA Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:425-436. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1710926
• The Timing of Corticosteroid Injections After Arthroscopic Shoulder Procedures Affects Postoperative Infection Risk. Kew ME, Cancienne JM, Christensen JE, Werner BC. Am J Sports Med. 2019 Feb 13:363546518825348. doi: 10.1177/0363546518825348.
• Reconsidering Strategies for Managing Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Using Decision Analytics to Find the Optimal Strategy Between One-Stage and Two-Stage Total Knee Revision. Srivastava K, Bozic KJ, Silverton C, Nelson AJ, Makhni EC, Davis JJ.J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2019 Jan 2;101(1):14-24. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.17.00874.
• Salvage Debridement, Antibiotics and Implant Retention (“DAIR”) With Local Injection of a Selected Cocktail of Bacteriophages: Is It an Option for an Elderly Patient With Relapsing Staphylococcus aureus Prosthetic-Joint Infection?Tristan Ferry, Gilles Leboucher, Cindy Fevre, Yannick Herry, Anne Conrad, Jérôme Josse, Cécile Batailler, Christian Chidiac, Mathieu Medina, S Lustig, Frédéric Laurent, and Lyon BJI Study Group. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Nov; 5(11): ofy269. Published online 2018 Oct 24. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy269
• Irrigation and debridement with chronic antibiotic suppression for the management of infected total knee arthroplasty,Weston JT, Watts CD, Mabry TM, Hanssen AD, Berry DJ, Abdel MP. Bone Joint J. 2018 Nov;100-B(11):1471-1476.
  doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.100B11.BJJ-2018-0515.R1.

Basic sciences

• In vivo analysis of a first-in-class tri-alkyl norspermidine-biaryl antibiotic in an active release coating to reduce the risk of implant-related infection. Williams DL, Epperson RT, Ashton NN, Taylor NB, Kawaguchi B, Olsen RE, Haussener TJ, Sebahar PR, Allyn G, Looper RE. Acta Biomater. 2019 Jan 31. pii: S1742-7061(19)30077-7. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.055.
• Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic joint infections induces lower IL‐1β release from human neutrophils than isolates from normal flora, Emeli Månsson, Bo Söderquist, Åsa Nilsdotter‐Augustinsson, Eva Särndahl, Isak Demirel
  APMIS. 2018 Aug;126(8):678-684. doi: 10.1111/apm.12861.
• Pathogen elimination by probiotic Bacillus via signalling interference. Pipat Piewngam, Yue Zheng, Thuan H. Nguyen, Seth W. Dickey, Hwang-Soo Joo, Amer E. Villaruz, Kyle A. Glose, Emilie L. Fisher, Rachelle L. Hunt, Barry Li, Janice Chiou, Sujiraphong Pharkjaksu, Sunisa Khongthong, Gordon Y. C. Cheung, Pattarachai Kiratisin & Michael Otto Nature volume 562, pages 532–537 (2018) Link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0616-y
• Evaluation of Bacteriophage Anti-Biofilm Activity for Potential Control of Orthopedic Implant-Related Infections Caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Morris J, Kelly N, Elliott L, Grant A, Wilkinson M, Hazratwala K, McEwen P. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2019 Jan;20(1):16-24. doi: 10.1089/sur.2018.135. Epub 2018 Sep 12.