Does human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) predispose patients to surgical site infection/periprosthetic joint infection (SSI/PJI)? If so, what optimization should be undertaken prior to operating on patients with HIV?

Authors: Mohammad Ali Enayatollahi, Lipalo Mokete, Marisa Sanchez, Jurek R.T. Pietrzak

RECOMMENDATION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is known to be a risk factor for surgical site infection (SSI) and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, in patients who are medically optimized, with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the magnitude of the risk is small and comparable to HIV-negative patients. Patients must be optimized for underlying conditions including malnutrition, renal and liver disease, cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and viral load.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Moderate

DELEGATE VOTE: Agree: 96%, Disagree: 2%, Abstain: 2% (Unanimous, Strongest Consensus)

RATIONALE:

G15

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